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El estremecedor reportaje fotográfico que muestra el drama de los rohinyás en Myanmar


Raquel Segovia

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Las fotos de Kevin Frayer sobre la fuga y las terribles condiciones de vida de la minoría perseguida por el ejército birmano dieron la vuelta al mundo

(Kevin Frayer/Getty Images)

Marginalizados en Myanmar, que los considera como extranjeros, los miembros de la minoría musulmana rohinya huyen de una campaña de represión por parte del ejército birmano -consecutiva a una serie de ataques de la novel rebelión rohinyá- desde el 25 de agosto pasado.

Más de medio millón rohinyás se refugiaron en Bangladesh para huir de la ofensiva militar que la ONU definió un "clásico ejemplo de limpieza étnica". Miles murieron durante la fuga, mientras los que lograron sobrevivir contaron cómo sus aldeas fueron quemadas, las mujeres violadas y miles de personas ejecutadas.

Rohinyás cruzan la frontera con Blangladesh cerca del río Naf (Kevin Frayer/Getty Images)
 

Rohinyás cruzan la frontera con Blangladesh cerca del río Naf (Kevin Frayer/Getty Images)

El éxodo rohinyá provocó además una crisis humanitaria en el sur de Bangladesh donde la marea humana ha desbordado los campos de refugiados existentes, que ya estaban sobrepoblados. Sin servicios higiénicos, los refugiados se ven obligados a defecar al aire libre, a veces contaminando las aguas que otras personas podrían beber. Hay escasez absoluta de todo: agua potable, comida, medicamentos…

Un campo de refugiados en Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh (Kevin Frayer/Getty Images)
 

Un campo de refugiados en Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh (Kevin Frayer/Getty Images)

Varios reportajes fotográficos atestiguaron las terribles condiciones de la minoría perseguida. Entre ellos se destacó el trabajo del fotógrafo Kevin Frayerde la agencia Getty Images: sus fotos en blanco y negro lograron captar como ningunas otras todo el drama de la crisis.

Frayer contó a la revista TIME cómo tomó la imagen de su reportaje que se hizo más famosa, la de un niño que llora durante el reparto de comida por parte de una ONG.

(Kevin Frayer/Getty Images)
 

(Kevin Frayer/Getty Images)

Frayer explicó que era la primera distribución de comida a la que asistía y que la situación era caótica, con varias mujeres que gritaban y las personas agotadas y hambrientas. Se subió al camión desde donde la ONG repartía la comida y vio al niño, que había logrado subirse, mientras, llorando, extendía su mano para pedir comida. Fryer dijo que no podía oír nada por el ruido, pero finalmente vio al niño mientras golpeaba la pierna de un hombre que estaba repartiendo la comida y buscaba aferrarse a él, rogándole. Fryer dijo que en ese momento entendió cuán triste sería la historia que iba a contar.

Un clérigo musulmán durante el funeral  de 16 rohinyás que murieron en un naufragio mientras intentaba cruzar la frontera (Kevin Frayer/Getty Images)
 

Un clérigo musulmán durante el funeral  de 16 rohinyás que murieron en un naufragio mientras intentaba cruzar la frontera (Kevin Frayer/Getty Images)

La desesperada espera de comida en el campo de refugiados de Balukali en Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh (Kevin Frayer/Getty Images)
 

La desesperada espera de comida en el campo de refugiados de Balukali en Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh (Kevin Frayer/Getty Images)

La desesperación de unos hombres durante la distribución de comida en un campo de refugiados (Kevin Frayer/Getty Images)
 

La desesperación de unos hombres durante la distribución de comida en un campo de refugiados (Kevin Frayer/Getty Images)

Refugiados rohinyás rezan en al campo de refugiados de Balukali en Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh. (Kevin Frayer/Getty Images)
 

Refugiados rohinyás rezan en al campo de refugiados de Balukali en Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh. (Kevin Frayer/Getty Images)

Una refugiada rohinya en el cambo de refugiados de Balukali (Kevin Frayer/Getty Images)
 

Una refugiada rohinya en el cambo de refugiados de Balukali (Kevin Frayer/Getty Images)

Una anciana mujer en el campo de refugiados de Balukali en Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh. (Kevin Frayer/Getty Images)
 

Una anciana mujer en el campo de refugiados de Balukali en Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh. (Kevin Frayer/Getty Images)

El fotógrafo también explicó cómo es la fuga de los rohinyás: generalmente llegan a la frontera entre Myanmar y Bangladés durante la noche, en barco y la mayoría llega en la parte más al sur de la isla de Shah Porir Dwip, una zona peligrosa en la que murieron varias personas. Si el barco se hunde no hay ninguna operación de rescate por parte de las autoridades, que esperan que los cuerpos lleguen a la playa. Si, en cambio, los rohinyás logran tocar tierra se ve a las personas que levantan a los niños y ayudan a los ancianos a llegar a la orilla. Muchos están agotados.

Una familia rohinya descansa tras cruzar el río Naf en la frontera entre Myanmar y Bangladesh  (Kevin Frayer/Getty Images)
 

Una familia rohinya descansa tras cruzar el río Naf en la frontera entre Myanmar y Bangladesh  (Kevin Frayer/Getty Images)

Una mujer descansa agotada en la playa del río Naf en Shah Porir Dwip tras escapar de su aldea en Myanmar (Kevin Frayer/Getty Images)
 

Una mujer descansa agotada en la playa del río Naf en Shah Porir Dwip tras escapar de su aldea en Myanmar (Kevin Frayer/Getty Images)

Un hombre y un niño al llegar a la playa del río Naf en Shah Porir Dwip (Kevin Frayer/Getty Images)
 

Un hombre y un niño al llegar a la playa del río Naf en Shah Porir Dwip (Kevin Frayer/Getty Images)

(Kevin Frayer/Getty Images)
 

(Kevin Frayer/Getty Images)

Refugiados rohinyás cargan sus pertenencias mientras cruzan la frontera entre Myanmar y Bangladesh (Kevin Frayer/Getty Images)
 

Refugiados rohinyás cargan sus pertenencias mientras cruzan la frontera entre Myanmar y Bangladesh (Kevin Frayer/Getty Images)

"Sentís la pérdida, la desesperación, la tragedia, el alivio. Es el viaje más triste para hacer. Y lo que llama la atención es que estén tan tranquilos. Puede haber alguien que solloza o un niño que llora, pero en general el momento en el que llegan es casi silencioso", dijo Fryer.

Una familia tras desembarcar en la orilla bangladesí del río Naf (Kevin Frayer/Getty Images)
 

Una familia tras desembarcar en la orilla bangladesí del río Naf (Kevin Frayer/Getty Images)

Frayer dijo que si estas fotos podrán contribuir a concienciar a la gente sobre esta crisis, entonces valió la pena haberlas tomadas.

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