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La polémica "Clínica para morir" de Holanda, saturada por los pedidos de eutanasia


Raquel Segovia

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El establecimiento planea duplicar el número de empleados para poder atender todas las solicitudes, pero se calificada como "nefasta" y "vergonzosa" por otros conocedores del sector

clinica-eutanasia.jpg

En lo que va de año, la única clínica de Holanda dedicada en exclusiva a la práctica de la eutanasia ha recibido 2.000 solicitudes, casi el triple de las obtenidas en 2012, cuando abrió sus puertas.

"Actualmente contamos con 52 equipos formados por un médico y una enfermera que se desplazan al lugar del paciente. Con la creciente demanda, en un año necesitaremos el doble de personal, un centenar de equipos" aseguró a EFE Annerieke Dekker, portavoz de la Clínica para Morir (Levenseindekliniek en neerlandés), ubicada en La Haya.

Esta organización privada asiste a pacientes cuyos médicos de cabecera no desean o no pueden practicar la eutanasia alegando falta de tiempo o motivos éticos. En su mayoría se trata de personas con demencia o algún tipo de enfermedad psiquiátrica, casos todo ellos complejos ya que en muchas ocasiones la voluntad expresa del paciente no está clara.

"Para los pacientes con demencia y otras enfermedades psiquiátricas, es muy difícil determinar si toman la decisión de forma consciente y voluntaria. Por eso nuestros médicos valoran que el resto de criterios se cumplen", explica Dekker.

 
 
clinica-eutan.jpg
 

Entre esos criterios figura padecer un dolor insoportable y sin perspectivas de curación y además se analiza la situación en la que la persona ha pedido morir: si lo hizo hace dos semanas o hace tres años y si ésta se produjo antes de que se desarrollara la enfermedad.

Hasta agosto de 2017, de las 2.000 solicitudes recibidas se han aprobado 650: el resto se han denegado por no responder a los requisitos que establece la ley.

Si bien para Dekker el exceso de demanda se debe a una mejora de la información sobre la ley, para la miembro del programa médico de apoyo y asistencia a la eutanasia Marianne Dees es una consecuencia de la falta de responsabilidad de los médicos hacia sus pacientes, pues "acompañarles en este proceso requiere mucho tiempo, algo que los médicos más jóvenes, sobrepasados, prefieren no hacer".

 
En el 2016 se estrenó un documental sobre la clínica y sus pacientes
En el 2016 se estrenó un documental sobre la clínica y sus pacientes

Dees, quien ha practicado 50 eutanasias durante su carrera profesional, opinó que "la solución que propone esta clínica es nefasta. Además, no se debería denominar clínica, porque no se trata al paciente, no se le conoce. Solo hay dos opciones: o se practica la eutanasia o se deniega, nada más".

Por su parte, el vocero de la patronal sindical protestante (RMU), Peter Schalk, arremetió contra la práctica de la clínica y calificó de "vergonzoso" el tratamiento que hace del deseo de morir de pacientes con demencia.

Desde que en 2002 Holanda se convirtiera en el primer país del mundo en legalizar la eutanasia, el estricto marco legal dentro del que se practica ha evitado que surjan casos polémicos, si bien los de demencia o enfermedades psiquiátricas siguen generando debate.

En los últimos años, el número de eutanasias ha aumentado en todo el país llegando a representar el 4% de los fallecimientos contabilizados en 2016, la mayor parte de ellos enfermos de cáncer a los que su médico les practicó la eutanasia.

(Con información de EFE)

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